Waverley Men’s Shed Opens Membership to Women in Landmark Decision

Waverley Community Men’s Shed has voted unanimously to amend its constitution to accept women as members, making it the first and only organisation of its kind in Sydney’s south-east and eastern suburbs to take this step, even as the shed simultaneously faces the prospect of losing its home within 18 months.



The decision, passed by members at a meeting in early March 2026, reflects both a practical need to expand the volunteer supervisor base and a broader recognition that the shed’s work in combating social isolation and building community connection is valuable beyond a single gender. The shed currently operates three days per week from its location in the grounds of the Uniting War Memorial Hospital at 125 Birrell Street, Waverley.

How the New Membership Model Will Work

Under the amended constitution, the shed plans to reserve two days each week for male members while dedicating Wednesdays to female members. The immediate priority is training women as supervisors, addressing a shortage that has limited the shed’s opening hours. The shed houses expensive woodworking and metalworking equipment that requires a certified supervisor to be present at all times during operation.

To bring new women members up to speed safely, the shed will run a six-day introductory woodworking course covering fundamentals from safety training through to completing a finished project. President Peter Charlton said the expanded membership would give women access to skills and experiences many had not previously had the opportunity to try, and that he expected female members to find the creative and practical work deeply rewarding.

The decision also positions the shed to pursue federal funding opportunities more competitively. Eligibility for some funding streams favours organisations with broader community reach and membership diversity.

What the Waverley Men’s Shed Does

Waverley Community Men’s Shed gives members with a range of skills and experience the opportunity to come together to nurture woodworking skills, exchange ideas, discuss their experiences and get involved in community projects. Members can work on their own projects, help others with their projects or support charities by making furniture, toys or other useful items.

The shed operates on the principle that purposeful activity and social connection are central to mental health and wellbeing, particularly for older adults in retirement. Men’s sheds have been described as a male-friendly service providing a health by stealth approach, and research acknowledges the positive role that sheds can have in addressing the gendered health disparities that males face. The same principle applies increasingly to older women, who face comparable risks of social isolation after retirement or the loss of a partner.

The Australian Men’s Shed Association, which supports more than 1,200 men’s, women’s and community sheds nationally, reports that shedders experience improved mental health outcomes including increased self-esteem through participation and learning new skills, and de-stigmatisation of mental health challenges.

Women in Sheds: A Growing Trend

The Waverley decision aligns with a growing national trend. Approximately 30 per cent of men’s sheds across Western Australia already include women members and participants, and a number of sheds nationally operate as community sheds open to all adults. The approach adopted by Waverley — dedicated women’s sessions on a specific day, with women trained as supervisors — mirrors the model most commonly used by sheds making this transition, allowing a comfortable environment for new female participants while maintaining the shed’s existing programme and culture.

Photo Credit: Waverley Community Men’s Shed/Facebook

Full membership, which includes voting rights and committee participation, is the model Waverley has adopted through its constitutional amendment — a more comprehensive step than the associate membership arrangements some other sheds have used as an intermediate option.

The Shed’s Uncertain Future

The membership expansion comes at a critical time for the Waverley Men’s Shed’s physical future. The shed is located within the grounds of the Uniting War Memorial Hospital at 125 Birrell Street, a site undergoing a $500 million redevelopment into residential aged care for more than 300 people. Charlton said the shed expected to be without its current home within 18 months, and that the organisation had been searching for an alternative location for more than seven years without success.

The shed’s operating costs are currently covered by Uniting. If the shed relocates off-site temporarily during construction, it will need to seek external funding to cover those costs. Uniting has confirmed the shed will return to a new, purpose-built space within the redeveloped Waverley Estate once construction is complete, and that a temporary home will be found during the construction period. Both state and federal representatives have confirmed they are working with the shed to identify a suitable interim site.

Why This Benefits the Waverley Community

The Waverley Men’s Shed is the only organisation of its kind in Sydney’s south-east and eastern suburbs. Its decision to open membership to women significantly broadens the number of local residents who can access its programmes, equipment and community connection. For older women in Waverley and surrounding suburbs who may be recently retired, recently bereaved or simply seeking purposeful social activity, the shed now offers a structured, skills-based environment that was previously unavailable to them in this part of Sydney.

The expanded supervisor base the change generates also means the shed can potentially increase its opening days, making it accessible to more members of both sexes across the week. And the improved funding eligibility that comes with broader membership diversity strengthens the shed’s long-term viability — directly supporting its chances of securing and maintaining a permanent home.

Residents interested in joining the Waverley Community Men’s Shed, whether for the existing programme or the new women’s sessions, can contact the shed by email at secretary@waverleycommunitymensshed.org.au or by phone on 0480 439 315. The shed is located at 125 Birrell Street, Waverley NSW 2035.



Published 9-March-2026.

Waverley Set for $500 Million Seniors Precinct to Support Ageing Community

A $500-million redevelopment in Waverley is set to reshape how older residents live and receive care, with plans approved for a large integrated seniors’ community that will provide housing, health services and shared spaces for about 400 people in Sydney’s eastern suburbs.



The project, announced on 28 January 2026, will transform the Uniting Waverley Estate at 125 Birrell Street into a precinct combining retirement living, aged care and specialist health services, with construction planning expected to move towards a builder tender process in 2027.

Community Living at the Centre

The redevelopment will deliver 231 independent living apartments, including affordable housing, alongside 105 residential aged care places. The site sits next to War Memorial Hospital and within walking distance of Bondi Junction, positioning residents close to existing health and community services.

Uniting NSW.ACT chief executive officer Tracey Burton said the project builds on more than a century of community health and aged care services in the area. She stated that the plan aims to create a place where older people can continue living in their local community while accessing support as their needs change.

According to Uniting, many older Australians value remaining in familiar neighbourhoods when moving into independent living. The organisation said the redevelopment responds to this demand by providing housing and care options in one location.

Photo Credit: Uniting.Org/Waverley

Shared Spaces and Green Areas

Plans for the estate include expanded green spaces, sensory gardens and social courtyards designed for both residents and the wider community. The redevelopment will also feature an intergenerational playground, community facilities, a seniors’ gym, a café, a hairdressing salon and multi-purpose rooms.

Design teams from Architectus, Welsh and Major, and Arcadia are working on the project, which aims to balance modern buildings with the conservation of heritage features. Four heritage-listed cottages on the site will be restored to their original use, while the total amount of open space will be increased.

Uniting said these shared spaces are intended to support wellbeing and social connection among residents while encouraging interaction with the surrounding community.

Economic and Local Impact

The project is expected to create around 250 local jobs during construction and up to 125 ongoing roles once completed. Seven buildings, ranging from four to seven storeys, will be developed using natural materials and landscaped surroundings.

Uniting confirmed that there will be no changes to operations at the nearby War Memorial Hospital and that construction will be staged to avoid disrupting essential health services.



The organisation stated it will continue engaging with residents, families and the local community as the project moves into detailed design.

Published 16-Feb-2026

Community Response Praised After Bondi Beach Tragedy

The actions of locals, first responders and council workers in the aftermath of the Bondi Beach attack have been acknowledged as an example of how the Waverley community responded during a moment of crisis.



In the hours following the incident, lifeguards, council staff and members of the public helped those who were injured, assisted people fleeing the area and supported emergency services as they arrived on scene.

Waverley Mayor Will Nemesh said the response showed the strength of the local community during an extraordinary situation.

“The courage, care and compassion shown by so many people on the day reflects the true spirit of Waverley,” he said.

Actions on the Ground

Lifeguards on duty at Bondi Beach were among the first to respond, providing immediate assistance and helping manage the scene before police and ambulance crews arrived. Council staff who were nearby, including rangers and parking officers, also helped direct people away from danger and towards safer areas.

Mayor Nemesh said these actions went beyond normal responsibilities.

“Our lifeguards and staff acted with professionalism and bravery in circumstances none of them could have anticipated,” he said.

Members of the public also stepped in, offering help to those injured and supporting people who were distressed or separated from friends and family.

A Collective Effort

The mayor said the response was not limited to trained professionals, noting that ordinary residents also played a role.

“What stood out was how quickly people looked after each other,” he said. “Strangers helped strangers, and people did whatever they could to assist.”

In the days following the attack, messages of support and gratitude were shared across the community, recognising the efforts of those who responded and acknowledging the impact of the events on residents and visitors alike.

Reflecting at Year’s End

As the year draws to a close, the incident has prompted reflection across Waverley on community connection and resilience. While the events themselves were deeply distressing, many locals have focused on the way people came together during the aftermath.

Mayor Nemesh said the response would not be forgotten.

“It was an incredibly difficult day, but it also showed the values that matter most to this community,” he said.



Published 18-Dec-2025

Future Vet Kids Camp Returns To Waverley In January 2026

Future Vet Kids Camp is preparing to hold its 2026 program in Waverley, offering face-to-face and online sessions for young people interested in animal care and veterinary pathways.



Long-Running Animal Program In Waverley

Future Vet Kids Camp will return to Waverley College in Waverley for two five-day face-to-face sessions from 5–9 January 2026 and 12–16 January 2026. A Virtual Online Camp will run from 4–16 January 2026, allowing participants across Australia and overseas to join the classroom live and take part in real time.

The camp has been running in Sydney for more than 17 years and has expanded to Brisbane and Melbourne. The program is designed and led by veterinarians, including Bondi Vet TV twin veterinarians Dr Audrey Shen and Dr Alison Shen, and is aimed at kids aged 9 to 16 years.

Programming at the January camp is split into three age groups running at the same time: Wombats for ages 9–11, Kookaburras for ages 12–14 and the Junior Vet program for ages 14–16.

Hands-On Activities At Waverley

The Waverley program introduces campers to a wide range of animal-related careers and skills, including ultrasound, acupuncture, reptile care, grooming, dog training, animal rehabilitation and marine biology. Campers also learn about pet nutrition, genetic disorders, exotic animals, rescue operations and wildlife conservation.

Excursions include behind-the-scenes tours of veterinary hospitals and a visit to Hills Wildlife Sanctuary in the Berowra Valley National Park at Dural, where participants see wildlife rescue, rehabilitation and threatened species work in practice. Back at camp headquarters, Dr Alison demonstrates veterinary acupuncture and laser therapy.

Other sessions feature certified canine scent detection handler Tiffany Chapple and her Labrador, Hera, with a live demonstration of scent work and training steps. Former camper Oliver Whetton, now a free flight bird keeper and working towards a career in zookeeping, leads a hands-on wildlife session with his birds.

Campers take part in practical activities such as baking pet treats, practising bandaging, drawing blood from models, dog training workshops and performing CPR on vet models. Junior Vets also work through real-life cases, imaging, blood results and observe surgeries to gain insight into veterinary practice.

Scholarship Opportunities Linked To Waverley Camp

PetSure is funding the registration fees for three face-to-face Future Vet Kids Camp participants in Sydney, each valued at $725, and three Virtual Online Camp participants, each valued at $295, for the January 2026 sessions. Applications close in December 2025.

Applicants must submit a 1–2 minute video explaining why they would like to attend, a 150–200 word written statement in the child’s own words outlining why they should receive the scholarship, and may include additional supporting documents. They also need to indicate whether they are applying for a face-to-face or online place.

To be eligible, applicants must be between 9 and 17 years of age as of January 2026. Recipients agree to the use of media posts or interviews, accept responsibility for any costs beyond the registration fee such as meals and transport, and complete the liability waiver, media release form and Code of Conduct. Applications are judged by the Future Vet Kids Camp organisers, with recipients notified one week after the application closing date. All documentation must be submitted by email to the camp’s official address.

Outcomes For Young Animal Enthusiasts

Future Vet Kids Camp provides a supervised environment that focuses on the human–animal bond, responsible pet ownership and an introduction to veterinary medicine and the wider animal industry. Over the years, some repeat campers have gone on to enrol in veterinary science at university and pursue related careers.

Campers meet like-minded animal lovers, connect with professionals across the animal industry and gain experience that can help them understand both the realities and opportunities of animal-related work. Former campers such as Oliver Whetton illustrate how early exposure at the camp can support a pathway into roles such as zookeeping and wildlife care.

Next Steps For Waverley And Beyond



Registrations for the January 2026 Waverley program are now open, and Christmas gift vouchers are available for families wanting to secure a place. Future Vet Kids Camp also plans additional face-to-face and virtual offerings in Melbourne and Brisbane during future school holidays, with specific dates still to be announced.

Updated 2-Dec-2025

Parents Drive New Selective STEM Class in Waverley

Waverley Public School will introduce a new selective STEM+ Enrichment class in 2026, following a parent-led initiative to extend learning opportunities for high-achieving primary students.



Community Push Leads to New Opportunity

Parents at Waverley Public School advocated for an advanced learning stream to cater to gifted students in Years 5 and 6. The proposal was supported by the school’s Parents and Citizens (P&C) Association and resulted in the creation of a specialised program for academically driven learners.

STEM program
Photo Credit: Waverley Public School

Program Overview and Entry Details

The full-time STEM+ Enrichment class will begin in 2026 and is open to students entering Years 5 and 6. Applications closed at 5 p.m. on 23 October 2025.

Entry will be determined by academic merit, using indicators such as NAPLAN results, school reports, and a standardised assessment. Testing sessions are scheduled for 25 October and 3 November 2025 at Waverley Public School.

Students in Years 4 and 5 from any school sector may apply for consideration.

high potential students
Photo Credit: Waverley Public School

Focus on Enrichment and STEM Skills

The program, officially recognised as a High Potential and Gifted Education (HPGE) class, will focus on science, technology, engineering and mathematics. It aims to challenge students beyond the standard level of same-aged peers through project-based learning that promotes problem-solving, collaboration, and creativity.

Teaching will be led by a specialist STEM educator and a teacher trained in gifted education, ensuring both enrichment and academic extension.

Waverley Public School
Photo Credit: Waverley Public School

Community Backing and Broader Impact

The program is strongly supported by the Waverley P&C, which recognised growing demand for selective opportunities within the local public school system.

In addition to the new enrichment stream, the specialist STEM teacher will collaborate with other classes across the school to extend high-potential learning across the curriculum.

Next Steps



Applications for 2027 entry will open in Term 1, 2026. Both local and non-local students may apply via the school’s website, and those who do not gain entry for 2026 can reapply the following year.

Published 28-Oct-2025

Tougher Measures for Cars Blocking the Driveway in Waverley

For many households in Waverley, leaving home can be delayed by a car blocking the driveway. Parents dropping children at school and workers heading to jobs have reported being unable to access their properties because of illegally parked vehicles. Until now, residents had to wait for local officials’ notifications or police reports, which provided no immediate relief.


Read: 100-Year-Old Tree Axed in Waverley, Sparking Neighbourhood Outcry


A new trial will allow cars blocking driveways to be relocated within hours. Vehicles will be moved to the nearest lawful parking space, and owners will be notified via NSW Police or an on-site notice. Residents can report incidents through the Snap Send Solve app or directly to the council.

Cars Blocking the Driveway
Photo credit: Google Street View

The trial follows more than 2,100 complaints in the past financial year from residents unable to enter or exit their homes due to blocked driveways. Previously, council action was limited to issuing infringement notices and alerting police, leaving residents with no practical way to clear access.

Fines for illegally parking across driveways are set to increase from $300 to around $600 to cover the costs of towing. During the 12-month trial, the council will absorb costs until the fines are formally updated, likely by mid-2026.

Parking officers will assess each complaint, considering safety and the logistics of moving a vehicle without causing damage. Towing is expected to occur within three hours during normal rostered hours, or the following day if necessary. Offending vehicles will be relocated to the nearest legal parking space.

Cars Blocking the Driveway
Photo credit: Google Street View

Waverley is the second most densely populated local government area in New South Wales, and its beaches—including Bondi, Bronte, and Tamarama—attract large numbers of visitors. High traffic and limited parking have contributed to frequent reports of blocked driveways.

Cr Michelle Stephenson noted the practical impact for residents, including delays for families and workers. “From all accounts, it is just getting worse,” she said, adding that blocked driveways can leave residents unable to access their own properties.


Read: Waverley College’s $141.5M Expansion Draws Resident and Transport Concerns


Waverley Mayor Will Nemesh described illegal parking as “inconsiderate” with “a real impact on people’s everyday lives.” He said the council had listened to residents’ concerns and that the trial would provide more immediate consequences for drivers who block driveways. The trial is scheduled to begin in time for summer, giving the council a year to monitor outcomes and decide whether towing should become a permanent policy.

Published 28-October-2025

St Clare’s College Opens Lumos Centre in Waverley

St Clare’s College has opened the Lumos Centre in Waverley, transforming the former heritage-listed post office into a contemporary learning hub for students.



Opening of the Lumos Centre

On 20 August 2025, St Clare’s College Waverley officially opened the Lumos Centre, a new educational space designed to support future-focused learning. The facility was blessed by Bishop Terence Brady and formally opened by Principal Ann Freeman in a ceremony attended by staff, students and community representatives.

St Clare’s College
Photo Credit: Sydney Catholic Schools

Blending Innovation with History

The Lumos Centre is housed within the restored former Waverley Post Office, originally designed by Edwin Hubert Henderson in the 1920s. The building, noted for its inter-war free classical architecture, served as the post office from 1940 until the late 1990s before being adapted for commercial use. Its transformation preserves historic features such as cornices, Tuscan columns and parapet detailing while incorporating modern digital systems and connected classrooms.

Facilities and Learning Spaces

The centre accommodates up to 100 students at a time. It includes collaborative zones, quiet study areas, instruction spaces, a kitchenette and updated staff and student amenities. Designed with input from students, staff and the wider community, the facility is intended to encourage critical thinking, creativity and collaboration.

 Sydney Catholic Schools
Photo Credit: Sydney Catholic Schools

Community Role

In addition to supporting the school’s curriculum, the Lumos Centre will be available for school holiday activities, extending its use beyond everyday classes. This reflects its role as both an academic and cultural hub within the Waverley community.

Looking Ahead



The project demonstrates Sydney Catholic Schools’ approach to reimagining heritage buildings for contemporary education while preserving their historical value. The Lumos Centre is expected to strengthen student learning opportunities while maintaining an enduring link to the area’s past.

Published 29-Aug-2025

Plan for Crisis Housing in Waverley to Support Domestic Violence Survivors

Amid rising reports of domestic violence across Sydney’s eastern suburbs, a bold new plan will see crisis housing made available to those fleeing abuse in the Waverley area.


Read: Council Acquires Bondi Unit Block for Affordable Housing Program


At least two apartments from Waverley’s affordable housing stock will be reserved as emergency accommodation for victim-survivors. 

The initiative comes in response to domestic violence-related assaults locally. According to the NSW Police Force’s quarterly update on domestic and family violence released in March 2025, 14 adult women were killed in domestic violence-related incidents in the 12 months leading up to that date.  Of the 14 victims, ten were killed by an intimate partner, three by a family member, and one by someone in a different type of relationship.

domestic violence
Photo credit: bocsar.nsw.gov.au

The properties, drawn from the area’s most recent acquisitions, will operate under updated eligibility criteria to prioritise those escaping violence. While the existing affordable housing policy focuses on low- to medium-income earners with established community ties, this new measure introduces a targeted response to a growing crisis.

Management of the new crisis accommodation is expected to be handled in partnership with specialist service providers, ensuring appropriate support structures are in place for those in need.

Advocates behind the push for dedicated housing say that domestic violence does not discriminate based on postcode or income. Financial abuse, in particular, has been highlighted as a pressing concern in Sydney’s east, especially where coercive control and restricted financial independence keep victims trapped. There are also increasing concerns around temporary visa holders who may be isolated and vulnerable, particularly when abusers withhold passports and identification.

domestic violence
Photo credit: Alex Green/Pexels

Those supporting the initiative believe that this move represents a practical, immediate step towards addressing a complex issue. It’s also part of a broader call for collaboration between local, state and federal bodies to ensure a comprehensive, long-term response to the national domestic violence crisis.


Read: Waverley Council Considers Roosters Deal to Boost Community Sport


The provision of crisis accommodation within Waverley’s existing housing stock sends a clear message: that safety and support must be available, regardless of a person’s circumstances or where they live.

Published 18-June-2025

Waverley Votes on 1956 Hungarian Uprising Plaque Proposal

Waverley officials have voted to support in principle a memorial plaque commemorating the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, following debate over its funding source.



Proposal for Memorial Raises Questions Over Foreign Influence

Waverley Council has given in-principle support to a proposal for a memorial plaque in Waverley Park marking the 1956 Hungarian Revolution. The motion, raised in a mayoral minute, aims to recognise Hungarian refugees who settled in the area and acknowledge the sacrifices made during the uprising.

The proposal came from the Hungarian consulate, which offered to fund the memorial. Waverley official Will Nemesh, who holds Hungarian citizenship, said the memorial would reflect the area’s long-standing Hungarian connections and would not cost ratepayers.

Historical Context of the Hungarian Revolution

The 1956 Hungarian Revolution was a country-wide uprising opposing the Soviet-aligned government in Hungary. Following its suppression, many Hungarians fled abroad, with a number settling in the Waverley local government area.

Former New South Wales official Nick Greiner wrote in favour of the memorial, describing the 1956 events as a significant democratic uprising in the post-war period.

LGBTQ+
Caption: For Illustration Purposes Only
Photo Credit: Pexels

Concerns Over Government Ties and Funding

The motion triggered opposition from several city officials after it was revealed that the memorial proposal was tied to the current Hungarian government. They raised concerns over the regime’s policies, citing recent laws banning LGBTQ+ pride events and allowing surveillance technology to identify protest attendees.

Local official Steven Lewis opposed the motion in its current form due to the potential influence of what he described as an authoritarian regime. He proposed changes ensuring that council retains full control over the memorial’s wording to prevent foreign influence.

Local official Paula Masselos questioned allowing any foreign government to determine content within Waverley Park, particularly near an existing ANZAC memorial.

Waverley Hungarian memorial
Photo Credit: Google Maps

Motion Passed Despite Division

Despite objections, the motion was passed. Local authorities Masselos, Spooner, Lewis, Fabiano, and WY Kynank voted against it, citing unease over the funding source and perceived external control. Mr Nemesh clarified that the council would have final authority over the design, funding, and wording.

City authority Michelle Stephenson supported the motion and said opposition risked dismissing the contributions of the local Hungarian community.

Next Steps and Oversight



The motion grants only in-principle support. Waverley Council will retain oversight of the project’s development, including decisions regarding funding acceptance, design approval, and inscription content.

Published 7-May-2025

Sydney Swans’ Defensive Rock Nick Blakey Set for Brisbane Challenge

As the Sydney Swans prepare to face the Brisbane Lions on Saturday, 28 September, all eyes are on Waverley College Old Boy Nick Blakey, the homegrown talent who has become a lynchpin in the Swans’ defensive line.


Read: Waverley Cemetery Waives Fee for Centenarian Who Outlives Burial Plot Contract


Rising through the ranks

Nick Blakey’s AFL journey began long before he donned the red and white jersey professionally. Born into an AFL family, Blakey moved to Brisbane at two years old when his father, two-time premiership midfielder John Blakey, took an assistant coaching role with the Brisbane Lions. By the time he was six, the family settled in Sydney as John joined the Swans’ coaching panel.

Growing up in an AFL household laid a solid foundation for Blakey’s future. His time at Waverley College, renowned for its strong AFL program, further honed his skills. The school’s support was crucial during a challenging period when Blakey faced severe stress fractures in his spine, a setback that tested his resilience.

“The AFL program they have implemented at the school is really paying off not only for them but the students as well,” Blakey said.

“They enabled me to concentrate on my footy both on and off the field. My recovery last year was a very long and slow process and the school really helped me get through it.”

Nick Blakey, defensive dynamo

Blakey’s early AFL career saw him kicking goals and spending time on the wing. However, it’s in defence where he has truly found his calling. His transition to half-back has transformed him into one of the competition’s premier defenders.

“I didn’t have a defensive bone in my body and that was probably the downfall of me as a player, early days,” Blakey admits. “But transitioning down back, you’ve got nowhere to hide out there.”

The move to defence sharpened Blakey’s instincts. His defensive skills, combined with his trademark dash from the backline, have made him a key figure in the Swans’ strategy. The sight of him breaking away from defence has become a crowd favourite, electrifying the stands with his speed and vision.

His importance to the team was underscored in 2023 when Blakey became the first AFL player contracted until the 2030s, signing a seven-year extension with the Swans. The extension reflects his long-term value to the club and his role as a future leader.

In 2024, Blakey’s defensive prowess earned him his first All-Australian selection. He was one of four Swans to receive the honour—notably, the only one not from Sydney’s vaunted midfield trio.


Read: Waverley War Memorial And The Generosity Of The Vickery Family


Blakey’s journey from a Swans Academy product to an All-Australian defender is a shining example of Waverley College’s and the club’s successful development pathways. With his signature style and defensive acumen, Blakey’s influence on the game continues to grow, making him a crucial player to watch in the seasons to come.

Published 26-September-2024